FREC 4 COURSE CONTENT LIST

Explore the FREC 4 Course Content

What you’ll learn in the FREC 4 course:

Homeostasis/physiological variables including:

• Blood glucose levels
• SPO2
• CO2
• Blood pressure
• Core temperature
• Pupils
• GCS/AVPU
• Water and electrolyte concentrations
• Ph level of body fluids
• Negative and positive feedback loops

Normal physiological values including:

• Breathing rate
• Capillary refill
• Heart rate
• Blood pressure
• Temperature
• Blood glucose level
• Oxygen saturations
• CO2
• Skin colour variations

History taking:

• Presenting complaint/History of presenting complaint
• Past medical history
• Drug/medication history
• Overall impressions
• SOCRATES pain scoring
• Wong-Baker FACES pain rating scale
• Pain scale
• FLACC scale
• FAST test
• Consent
• Capacity

Physiological measurements:

• Sphygmomanometer
• Thermometer
• Pen torch
• Blood glucose meter
• Peak flow meter
• Pulse oximeter
• Peak expiratory flow rate
• Capnography

Medical gasses:

• Oxygen
• Entonox

Airway:

• Supraglottic airways: I-Gels
• Paediatric airways

Paediatric development:

• Psychosocial, physical and anatomical development
• PEWS score
• Febrile convulsions
• Safeguarding
• Impending circulatory and respiratory failure

The lungs:

• Structures
• Cycle of breathing
• Compliance
• Elasticity
• Resistance

Heart and cardiovascular emergencies:

• MI
• Angina
• Cardiac tamponade
• Atheromatous plaque
• Pathological changes associated with heart disease
• Heart failure
• Arrhythmias

Structure of the heart/Function of the heart:

• Location
• Pericardium
• Myocardium
• Endocardium
• Blood supply

Cardiac conduction system:

• Sinoatrial node
• Atrioventricular node
• Conduction pathways
• Autonomic nervous system
• Stages of the cardiac cycle

Blood vessel pathological changes:

• Atheromatous plaques
• Causes of atheroma
• Effects of atheroma
• Predisposing factors
• Arteriosclerosis
• Thrombosis
• Haemorrhage
• Aneurysm

ECG:

• Electrical changes of the heart (P,Q,R,S,T waves)
• Difference between 3 and 12 lead ECG trace
• Cardiac output
• Stroke volume

3-lead ECG:

• Normal sinus rhythm
• Ventricular fibrillation
• Ventricular tachycardia
• Asystole
• Pulseless electrical activity
• Bradycardia
• Tachycardia
• Atrial fibrillation
• Atrial flutter
• Ventricular fibrillation
• Ventricular tachycardia
• Asystole
• NSR
• Bradycardia
• Tachycardia
• SVT
• PVC

ECG paper components:

• Small squares
• Large squares
• Calibration
• Paper speed

12-lead ECG:

• ST elevation/depression

Invasive skills – paramedic assists:

• Cannulation and bag fluids preparation
• Intraosseous access bone drilling/puncturing
• Endotracheal (ETT) tube intubation
• Cannulation

Trauma:

• Raised ICP
• Head injuries
• The muscoskeletal system
• Spinal injuries
• Tourniquets
• Haemostats
• Pressure bandages
• Gunshot/knife wounds
• Penetrating thoracic injuries
• Flail chest
• Abdominal bleeds
• Fractured pelvis
• Fractured skull
• Mid-shaft femur fracture
• Neck of femur fracture
• Sprains
• Strains

Other topics:

• Sexual assault
• Major incidents
• CBRNE
• Other emergency services
• METHANE
• Terrorist incidents
• Thoracic trauma
• TST tool
• MITT tool

Maternity:

• Female reproductive organs
• Miscarriage
• Abortion
• Ectopic pregnancy
• Pre-eclampsia
• Gestation period
• Stages of birth
• Normal birth
• Managing the birth
• Breech birth
• Cord prolapse
• Placenta abruptia
• Placenta previa
• Shoulder dystocia
• PPH bleed
• Multiple birth

Medical conditions:

• Cauda Equina syndrome
• Guillain Barre syndrome
• Deep vein thrombosis
• Pulmonary embolism
• Aortic aneurysm
• Gall stones
• Appendicitis
• Bowel obstructions
• Crohn’s disease
• Hepatitis C
• Croup
• Bronchiolitis
• Eppiglottitis
• Viral wheeze
• Asthma
• Sexual assault
• Pneumonia
• COPD
• Sepsis
• Meningitis
• Mental health

Throughout the course, learners will get repeated patient assessment scenarios.